What you’ll learn in this article

• The legal framework for dealing with noisy neighbours

• What “nuisances” are and why they’re important to your case

• What options you have as a tenant

• How the landlord can help

• What to do if nothing works

Legal framework – nuisances and disturbance of peace

Under the Czech Civil Code, everyone must refrain from excessive noise, especially during designated quiet hours (usually from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m.). This obligation applies to everyone – tenants, owners, and subtenants.

Legal theory refers to excessive disturbance as nuisances – unreasonable interference with the use of a neighbouring flat or property. Nuisances can be direct (e.g. encroaching on another’s property) or indirect (noise, smells, vibrations, smoke). If the nuisance exceeds what is reasonable given local conditions, you can seek legal protection.

Disturbance of peace can also be an administrative offence subject to a fine. In cases of ongoing or extreme disturbance, it may even affect the validity or continuation of the tenancy.

Tenant’s options

1. Friendly agreement – often the quickest solution.

2. Contacting the landlord – as the property owner, they may have more leverage with the neighbours (e.g. if they are also their tenants).

3. Reporting to the municipal authority or police – especially for night-time noise.

4. Formal legal notice – a written warning about the breach of rights.

5. Court action – for long-term disturbances if other options fail.

The landlord’s role

The landlord must ensure the tenant can use the flat without undue interference. If problems persist, the landlord should act – for example, by contacting the neighbouring flat’s owner, the homeowners’ association (HOA), or the building manager.

The risk of inaction

Ignoring the problem may lead to the tenant claiming a rent reduction or even terminating the tenancy.
⚠️ Lawyer’s tip: Don’t underestimate early complaints – the sooner the problem is addressed, the higher the chances of peaceful cohabitation.

Case from practice

One of my clients called me after a family moved into the flat above her. Every evening, they played loud music late into the night. Friendly talks failed, the police issued a fine, but the noise continued. After I sent a pre-litigation notice, the situation calmed down within a week.

Conclusion

Whether you’re a tenant or a landlord, resolving noisy neighbour issues requires patience, communication, and legal action. Don’t let your home be disrupted – the law is on your side.